Abstract: Social security is always the focus of theoretical research. With the deepening of the reform and the development of economy in rural areas, urbanization and other factors make farmers' social security demand greatly increased. Social security of peasant- workers is one of the key issues of economic development and peasant-workers' management and welfare system arrangement is a major conflict of the current construction of a harmonious society. Properly resolving the security problem is not only the demand for constructing the harmonious society and realizing the sustainable development, but also the political task to protect peasant-s' right and consolidate the ruling foundation. The real decent work and real harmonious labor relationship can be realized by regulating and coordinate labor relations, improving and implementing government policies concerning peasant-workers and resolving peasant workers' social security rights problem fundamentally.